Separation of Ireland into the
Irish Free State and
Northern Ireland under the Government of Ireland Act (1920). This was recognized by the
Anglo-Irish Treaty (1921) following the
Anglo-Irish War (191921). In the south, the nationalists were given independence from Britain within the British Commonwealth, with the setting up of the mainly Roman Catholic Irish Free State. In the north the unionists gained control over six of the nine counties of
Ulster, those with a Protestant majority, and remained part of the UK as Northern Ireland.
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