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arch (earth science)

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Arch (earth Science)

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In geomorphology (the study of landforms), any natural bridge-like land feature formed by erosion. Most sea arches are formed from the wave erosion of a headland where the backs of two caves have met and broken through. The roof of the arch eventually collapses to leave part of the headland isolated in the sea as a stack. A natural bridge is formed on land by wind or water erosion and spans a valley or ravine.

In some cases, as at Stair Hole, Dorset, England, an arch is formed when the sea has battered a hole through a cliff of hard rock (such as limestone) and has removed soft rock (such as clay) behind.

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