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Zionism
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Zionism
National liberation movement advocating the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland (the Eretz Israel) in Palestine. Here, in the ‘Promised Land’ of the Bible, its adherents called for the Jewish people to be granted a sovereign state with its capital at Jerusalem, the ‘city of Zion’. The movement was founded by the Hungarian writer Theodor Herzl, who in 1897 convened the First Zionist Congress in the Swiss city of Basel. Zionism was the driving force behind the creation of the state of Israel in 1948.
In 1917, the Zionist leaders Chaim Weizmann and Nahum Sokolow gained from Great Britain (which controlled Palestine after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in World War I) a promise of support for a Jewish homeland. This was enshrined in the Balfour Declaration. Before and during World War II, escalating persecution in Europe led many Jews to embrace Zionism and emigrate. After the war, the United Nations sanctioned the establishment of a Jewish state alongside a homeland for the Arab Palestinian people.
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Zionism
afterlife
Amidah
anti-Semitism
Arab–Israeli Wars
Babylonian Captivity
Balfour Declaration
berachah
bimah
Canaan
challah
Chasidism
covenant
creation
diaspora
Egypt
Elijah
Esther
Exodus
Hasidism
Havdallah
Herzl, Theodor
Holocaust, the
Holy Land
Israel (ancient kingdom)
Israel (country)
Jehovah
Jerusalem
Jewish ethics
Jordan (country)
Judaism
Kabbalah
Kaddish
kapel
kashrut
kibbutz
kiddush
kosher
leaven
Lebanon (country)
Lubavitch
melachot
Messiah
Messianic age
mezuzah
minyan
mitzvah
monotheism
Moses
Orthodox Judaism
Palestine
Palestine Liberation Organization
patriarch
pilgrim festivals
Promised Land
Reform Judaism
Sabbath
Seder
Shekhinah
Shema
Sheol
Syria
tallit
tefillin
Ten Commandments
Tenakh
worship
yad
Yahweh
yeshiva
YHVH
Zionism
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