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Scheele, Karl Wilhelm
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Scheele, Karl Wilhelm
Swedish chemist and pharmacist who isolated many elements and compounds for the first time, including oxygen, about 1772, and chlorine in 1774, although he did not recognize it as an element. He showed that oxygen is involved in the respiration of plants and fish.
In the book Abhandlung von der Luft und dem Feuer/Experiments on Air and Fire 1777, Scheele argued that the atmosphere was composed of two gases. One, which supported combustion (oxygen), he called ‘fire air’, and the other, which inhibited combustion (nitrogen), he called ‘vitiated air’. He thus anticipated Joseph Priestley's discovery of oxygen by two years.
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