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The Phalanges Libanaises was founded in 1936 by Pierre Gemayel after seeing the discipline and authoritarianism of Nazi Germany. Its initial aim was to protect the Maronite position in Lebanon; in 1958 it entered the political arena to oppose growing Arab nationalism.
The Star of David is a centuries-old symbol of Judaism. Blue and white are traditional Jewish colours. Effective date: 21 November 1948.
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