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Despite Madagascar's proximity to Africa, Malagasy contains only a small number of Bantu and Arabic loan words. It seems likely that the earliest settlers came by sea, some 1,500 years ago, from Indonesia. Primarily rice farmers, the Malagasy make use both of irrigated fields and swidden (temporary plot) methods. Islam spread through the island in the 8th century.
The points of the star represent the first seven verses of the Koran. Red, black, white, and green became the pan-Arab colours. Effective date: 16 April 1928.
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