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Many became Muslims at an early date and helped to spread Islam over West Africa. At the end of the 18th century they waged a jihad (holy war), under Usman Dan Fodio, against the rulers of the Hausa states, which led to the establishment of many Fulani emirates, with the religious capital at Sokoto. By the end of the 19th century the power of the Fulani Empire was declining and this aided the establishment of British rule
Red represents work. Yellow symbolizes justice. The design is based on the French tricolour. Green stands for solidarity. Effective date: 10 November 1958.
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