Marston Moor, Battle of

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Battle fought in the English Civil War on 2 July 1644 on Marston Moor, 11 km/7 mi west of York. The Royalists were conclusively defeated by the Parliamentarians and Scots.

The Royalist forces were commanded by Prince Rupert and William Cavendish (later Duke of Newcastle); their opponents by Oliver Cromwell and Lord Leven. Lord Fairfax, on the right of the Parliamentarians, was routed, but Cromwell's cavalry charges were decisive.

Green stands for Nigeria's forests and agriculture. White represents the River Niger, peace, and unity. Effective date: 1 October 1960. >>