Azores

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Group of nine islands in the North Atlantic, forming an autonomous region belonging to Portugal; area 2,247 sq km/867 sq mi; population (2003 est) 243,200. The islands are outlying peaks of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and are volcanic in origin. Products include sugar cane, coffee, tobacco, fruit, and wine. There are many hot springs, and the countryside is mountainous and rugged; the coastline is largely volcanic and there are few sandy beaches. The climate is moist but mild, and some of the islands are used as winter resorts. The administrative capital and largest city is Ponta Delgada on the main island, São Miguel; the other islands are Santa Maria, Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores, and Corvo.

The Azores were uninhabited when explored by the Portuguese in 1427 or 1431 (although they were evidently known to the Carthaginians, as Punic coins have been found on the island of Corvo). Colonization of the islands began in 1445, and they were formally assigned to Portugal in 1480. Used as a place of exile, they were also the site of naval battles between the English and the Spanish. In the 19th century they were used by supporters of Maria II against Dom Miguel. They were used as Allied naval and air force bases during World War II, and the former US air bases there continued to be maintained by the USA as NATO bases. Granted partial autonomy in 1976, the Azores remain a Portuguese overseas territory. There has been a large migration of Azoreans, from the early 19th century, to the USA and Canada.

Blue stands for the night sky and for water as a source of life. White represents peace. Red indicates the life-force. Green recalls nature and fertility. Effective date: 11 October 1991. >>