Major commercial and industrial city in west Saxony, Germany, on the Weisse Elster (a tributary of the River Elbe), 145 km/90 mi southwest of Berlin; population (2003 est) 485,100. Industries include printing, publishing, and the production of textiles, furs, leather goods, paper, machine tools, and musical instruments. It hosts numerous trade shows, including important industrial and book fairs. The city is also a centre for the arts, culture, and education, and has a university founded in 1409.
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